What term describes the discontinuities in metal caused by pipes, inclusions, or blowholes, typically appearing flat and parallel to the surface?

Laminations refer to the discontinuities in metal that are typically flat and parallel to the surface. These can occur due to imperfections during the manufacturing process, including the presence of pipes, inclusions, or blowholes. Laminations are often seen as layers or sheets that compromise the integrity of the metal, making it crucial to identify them during visual inspections.

Understanding this term is essential in visual testing, as recognizing laminations can help assess the quality and safety of metal components. Detecting such imperfections aids in preventing potential failures in metal structures and components that rely on consistent integrity. This makes knowledge of laminations vital for anyone engaged in metalworking, quality assurance, or inspection processes.